This book collects the major research findings in grassland ecosystems within the Xilin Gol Biosphere Reserve which is predominated by true steppe and is of high representativeness in Euro-Asian steppe zone.Experts have discussed the structure and function of grassland ecosystems as well as the ecological approaches to raise their productivity.The book comprises 7.4 abstracts and 9 plenary papers. This book is developed in order to facilitate and enlarge international academic exchange of the lnner Mongolia Grassland Ecosystem Research Station of Academia Sinica in charge of one UNESCO/MAB pilot project.This book will be a valuable reference work for all those who are concerned themselves with grassland ecology and ecosystem science,including ecologists,botanists,zoologists,soil scientists,conservationists,pasturalists and rangeland managers.